By the 2010 census, the metropolitan population had grown to nearly 19 million, with an average density of 31,254 people per square mile. The 1950 census rated New York, with a regional population of 13 million, the nation’s densest city, averaging 25,000 people per square mile. With the city’s streets more clogged than ever, it may be useful to look back on that survey and see what’s changed, and what hasn’t, over the 63 years. The report was written by Bruce Smith, the Institute of Public Administration’s criminal justice authority and the nation’s foremost police expert. He blistered the would be-reformers like Gulick as “white-collar sleuths armed with shiny badges, junior bloodhounds with big bowwow collars, petty expense-account auditors and meter readers…”īut the reorganization effort prevailed, thanks in part to exhaustive scholarship like the Traffic study. A fellow student of Gulick’s in the Training School for Public Service in the nineteen-teens, the irascible Moses had gone on to a legendary career as bridge and highway mastermind and Parks Commissioner, while also serving on the board of the MCOMS - but that didn’t keep him from publicly excoriating the reorganization effort in 1952. The records of the MCOMS fill 23 boxes in the Luther Gulick Papers of the Baruch Archives’s IPA Collection, and a treasure trove they are. We know all this from a highly informative 1952 Traffic study issued by the Mayor’s Committee on Management Survey, the colossal municipal makeover that dragged the metropolis into the modern era. A police traffic school to train specially selected officers came next, and by 1914 the first consolidated accident reports (of which there were many, as we shall see) were being compiled and centrally assembled. By 1908 the police commissioner was empowered to control the flow of traffic throughout the newly amalgamated (1898) city. By 1903, with the advent of the automobile, the city’s Board of Aldermen promulgated the first traffic regulations and mounted officers were assigned to patrol Fifth Avenue.
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I used Ditra Heat (Schluter) for my small 5×8 bathroom, which turned out wonderfully. The Schluter/Kerdi system is the way to go. I have nothing against durock for showers, it had its time and place in the 1980s, but there is no need to lug those heavy, cumbersome sheets of crumbling, porous rock up to your new bathroom. For some reason every DIY bathroom remodel involves durock. My favorites are Sal Diblasi and Stud PackĪnd please, save yourself and your back, DO NOT use durock. There are plenty of resources available to you on youtube that will make you an absolute master at setting tile. If the thought of setting tile DIY scares you, don’t let it. This required some re-framing of the walls to flush it out, and it worked out wonderfully. In the bathroom shown, I put the walk-in shower along the back wall, giving it plenty of space in contrast to the small shower that it replaced. To have a walk-in shower with shoulder room, the back wall is where it’s at. The ShowerĪlmost without fail, the shower needs to be on the back wall. Unless you’re very handy I would see about having one professionally installed. They just require a bit more work to install. Utilizing pocket doors can be a lifesaver when trying to save space. If I had to do it all over again, I would look into a sliding barn door or a pocket door. There were points where I needed the door to be closed so that I could open the vanity drawers. When I redid this bathroom I didn’t know any better, and I used a regular hung door that swings inward. The depth of the vanity had to be very small so as not to impinge on your hip when you walked through the door. For me, my biggest issue was the small space between the door, over the sink plumbing. Kiyosaki adds he came up with CASHFLOW 101 first and then wrote Rich Dad to promote the board game as well as a whole Rich Dad lifestyle, with games (CASHFLOW 202 is the more advanced follow-up to 101), books and articles that have inspired a devoted following. You have to know the world of investing." " to be a successful entrepreneur, you have to be both entrepreneur and investor. "I created the board game because accounting, when I went to business school, was the single most boring subject on earth, and investing is the most frightening," says Kiyosaki. Several local groups meet through Yahoo! Groups online as well. People can go to for information and to members to meet other intereste CASHFLOW 101 players. Many groups meet around the world to play the game. New York City isn't the only CASHFLOW mecca. , I didn't really understand a balance sheet or income statement." Patisso, who still plays the game often with gaming and business community group, NYC CASHFLOW, expects his sales to hit $250,000. "I'd taken accounting courses in college, but there's nothing like how the CASHFLOW 101 game is structured-it helped me learn to manage risk. "CASHFLOW 101 supplied the missing link," Patisso, 30, says. The company, started in 2002, offers solutions for homeowners in pre-foreclosure, mortgage financing and real estate services. Patisso, for instance, founded American Real Estate Equities in Mineola, New York, after playing the CASHFLOW game. Some entrepreneurs are finding the board game, which teaches financial principles for accounting and investing, can create wealth-and not only in a Monopoly-money kind of way, but in real-world dollars. Ed Patisso is just one of many who have launched businesses after playing CASHFLOW 101, which was created by Robert Kiyosaki, author of the book Rich Dad Poor Dad. However, it requires a better tutorial as terms such as assets, dividends, and liabilities can be intimidating for new players who aren’t familiar with how investing works.What hot, new pastime is inspiring entrepreneurs to launch businesses?Ī business-based board game is actually inspiring entrepreneurial startups. Similar to The Game of Life, it’s all about eventually winning through money and investments. Lacks certain helpful featuresĪll in all, CASHFLOW - The Investing Game is a fun mobile board game you can play alone or with friends. Plus, the liabilities don’t reduce as you progress, which is misleading. However, while the gameplay is easy to follow, the nuances of financial terms can be lost without the help of a guide. You have to purchase stocks, properties, and businesses until your expenses are covered and you get switched to the Fast Track. Some spaces will either give or take away from your cash. For every chance to roll, you can take a break first to review your financial statement on the side and either repay liabilities or borrow money. There’s no end here as the goal is to just acquire enough passive income that covers your monthly expenses, repays your liabilities such as mortgages and loans, and fulfills your dream. You roll the dice to see where you land on the board. Your starting job, however, is set by the game and the challenge here is to manage what meager finances you earn while investing in the right opportunities to make your money grow. These range from erecting a business school to just going on a world tour. In CASHFLOW, your ultimate objective is to fulfill the dream you chose at the very beginning. The skyscraper houses Saudi Arabia’s highest observation deck at 558 meters above ground level.Īlong with it the superstructure also houses an Islamic Museum, a Lunar Observation Centre and a large prayer room with a capacity for more than 10,000 people. Makkah royal clock tower facts | superstructureġ0. Read more We Bet You Don’t Know These 14 Facts About Makkah The pinnacle of the mega structure is adorned with 26 searchlights capable of shooting 10km into the skies.ĭuring special occasions the bands of vertical searchlights shoot up, sparkling the Makkan night sky. Heavy plate for the Mecca Royal Clock Tower Hotel Upon attaining its ultimate height in July 2011, this skyscraper in the centre of the Islamic worlds. The complex is adorned with over 98 million glass mosaic tiles with 24-carat gold leaves.Īnd the 23m crescent mounted on top of the tower, is made of fiberglass-backed mosaic gold. Tower adornation | Makkah royal clock tower facts The 4 clock faces combined are illuminated by around two million LED lights. The clock face of this towering giant is 35 times larger than the legendary Big Ben. The minute hand alone measures 23 meters in length. The dial, which is on all 4 sides of this thrusting pastiche, is the largest clock face in the world measuring 43 meters in size. įor a building of gargantuan proportions it was constructed in record time. The soaring tower is also the largest building by floor area on the planet.Ĭovering a colossal area of 1,500,000 m 2. On its top four floors is a museum known as the Clock Tower. Makkah royal clock tower facts| Tower floor area Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower is a complex of skyscraper hotels located in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The time from which can apparently be read over 17 kilometers away. The Makkah clock tower is the tallest clock tower in the world. The project also includes 6 other buildings which house an array of luxury hotels and apartments, perched above a multi-storey slab of shopping malls. The cost of the entire project is believed to stand at around a whopping $15 billion. It is also the world’s fourth tallest freestanding structure. īoasting a height of 601 meters (1,972 feet), the clock tower building is the 3rd tallest building in the world. Towering over Makkah, the Royal Clock Tower is full of superlatives and there are many interesting facts about it that you probably didn’t know about, here are 10 of Makkah royal clock tower facts. Standing right next to Islam’s holiest site, the awe-inspiring 76-storey hotel rises like a beacon from the mountainous Holy city. She has a special tag throw with Raven where Raven will toss the opponent in the air allowing her and Raven to attack simultaneously.She now has a move that allows her to spit fire.Kunimitsu will feature in the game's console opening, pairing up with Raven and battling Nina and Anna Williams.Yoshimitsu watches her leave, muttering "You've greatly improved." He turns around to see Kunimitsu wielding his sword as she smiles and departs. He turns around, preparing to deliver the final blow, when he realises that his sword has been replaced by a branch. Kunimitsu then engages Yoshimitsu in a fight before he subdues her and holds her in place with his sword. Kunimitsu then subdues the horse with a dart, causing Yoshimitsu to jump into the air. Kunimitsu is seen scurrying after him, hidden in the trees. Yoshimitsu is riding his horse through a forest of bamboo trees. She bides her time, waiting for the opportunity to steal Yoshimitsu's sword "Yoshimitsu." Ending (Unofficial Synopsis) After stealing only for her own gain, she was cast out by the Manji Clan leader Yoshimitsu, and then disappeared. She is looking for an opportunity to steal his self-named sword, "Yoshimitsu".Ī female ninja who hides her face behind fox mask, Kunimitsu was once a former member of the gang of chivalrous thieves, the Manji Clan. She was excommunicated by Yoshimitsu after repeatedly commiting theft for personal gain. Kunimitsu features in the console version of Tekken Tag Tournament 2.Ī kunoichi who hides her face behind a fox mask, Kunimitsu is a former member of the Manji Clan. Kunimitsu successfully does this and is shown as the sliced stone falls to the ground. She decides to test the sword by slicing the stone in two with it. Kunimitsu looks at her face's reflection on the sword. Ending (Unoffical Synopsis) Kunimitsu is in a forest holding Yoshimitsu's sword. Kunimitsu enters The King of Iron Fist Tournament 2 to face and defeat Yoshimitsu, thus claiming his sword so that her grandfather can make a copy before his death. Her grandfather has spent his entire existence trying to forge a copy of the sword. The old leader is ritually sacrificed, and the sword's power is transferred to its new owner. The sword exchanges hands when a new leader is elected. She learned that it was handed down through the Manji band, and it had the power to sever an enemy both spiritually and mentally. He informed Kunimitsu that the sword used by Yoshimitsu (also called Yoshimitsu) was a relic of unimaginable value. Feeling humiliated, she sought solace with her grandfather. She entered the first Iron Fist Tournament with the intent on stealing a Native American treasure from a young brave (Michelle Chang). At a loose end, she decided to train as a mechanic mending air conditioners. She stayed with the group for a few months until a series of petty thefts from the band's funds led to her dismissal. Upon joining, she was taught the skills of the stealth knife at the Manji ninja schools of "Jujutau". She lost her Japanese identity when she joined the group to maintain her anonymity. She was a former member of the Manji clan of ninja bandits lead by Yoshimitsu. Prologue (Extended) Kunimitsu is known as the Devil Cat. Kunimitsu participates in the tournament in order to take the sword. It is assumed the air of the partner is shut off, when (there is a rule that the leader of the next generation cuts the leader of previous generation with this sword). Story Prologue (Manual) The sword of good fortune and light is the sword which generation after generation is succeeded in the Manji party. Tekken 2 screenshot: Kunimitsu VS Kunimitsu * both of the two above appearances are cameos Her title in the original trilogy is Retaliating Female Ninja. Not much is known about her personality, other than being very greedy and selfish, as Yoshimitsu had expelled her from the Manji Clan for these traits. Much speculation has aroused due to this and some people have theories these are the result of an attack by either Yoshimitsu or Ogre. Upon her return to the series in Tekken Tag Tournament 2, Kunimitsu's mask was made smaller to reveal scars by her eyes. This implies that she was attacked by Ogre. Ogre / True Ogre has some of her moves in Tekken 3 and Tekken Tag Tournament. It is unknown what happens of Kunimitsu after Tekken 2, although some speculate that she was killed by Yoshimitsu towards the end of the second tournament. Kunimitsu was first introduced in Tekken, and she returned for Tekken 2, and the non-canonical Tekken Tag Tournament as well as Tekken Tag Tournament 2. Scott Lafee, San Diego Union-Tribune, 11 July 2023 See More Courtney Astolfi, cleveland, 12 July 2023 The third is reportedly still alive, hopefully in good health. Matt Wake | al, 25 July 2023 Robert Knopf, who runs the permits and sidewalks bureau, said City Hall hopes the change will prompt more businesses to apply for permits and hopefully result in more attractive parklet equipment. Mary Kay Cabot, cleveland, 25 July 2023 Plus, the staff works their collective asses off, and once fall arrives and temperatures ( hopefully) drop below microwavable, the side patio and back lawn will become Huntsville honey holes. Byvivek Wadhwa, Fortune, 26 July 2023 And hopefully for Garrett, Smith will appreciate his leadership style in a way that Jackson didn’t. can deliver a knockout punch to cancer, hopefully within the next two decades. Allison Johnson, The Verge, 26 July 2023 By working together as equal partners, India and the U.S. Nick Kasmik, USA TODAY, 27 July 2023 Post them for sale on OfferUp or Facebook Marketplace, and hopefully offload them fast? - Roxana Popescu, San Diego Union-Tribune, 26 July 2023 Thankfully, none of that nonsense is mentioned on Boost’s website or the Amazon product page, so hopefully that’s just a distant memory of hot crypto summers past. Recent Examples on the Web Robert Gallucci’s knowledge of US nuclear policy, his good standing in the community, and his contacts will hopefully assist in opening many doors to NANO Nuclear Energy. This lottery takes place every Wednesday and Saturday and is played in the style of Mega Millions. The Superlotto Plus lottery is one of the most popular lotteries in California. Make sure to remember to check the Mega number as well, when the results are announced. The more numbers on your ticket that match the numbers drawn, the more you win. Remember that SuperLotto Plus has 9 winning ball combinations. Pay $1 per play for each SuperLotto Plus ticket. You can play 2 to 8, 16, or 20 consecutive draws on one play slip by marking the Advance Playbox. Advance Play allows you to play multiple draws with one purchase.
Small studies in Europe found chromium concentrations ranging from 0.14 to 10.8 mcg/L. Human milk contains about 0.25 mcg/L chromium, but reported values vary widely. Most dairy products and foods high in sugar (e.g., sucrose and fructose) are low in chromium. Some chromium can also be transferred to foods from stainless steel equipment during food processing and from pots and pans during cooking. For example, the amount of chromium can vary 50-fold in samples of oatmeal because of growing and processing differences. However, chromium amounts in these foods vary widely depending on local soil and water conditions as well as agricultural and manufacturing processes used to produce them. *For infants from birth to age 12 months, the AIs are based on the mean chromium intakes of infants fed primarily human milk and, for older infants, complementary foods.Ĭhromium is present in many foods, including meats, grain products, fruits, vegetables, nuts, spices, brewer’s yeast, beer, and wine. Table 1: Adequate Intakes (AIs) for Chromium Age Table 1 lists the current AIs for chromium. The FNB therefore established AIs for all ages based on usual chromium intakes in healthy populations. In its 2001 evaluation, the FNB found the existing data insufficient to derive an EAR for chromium. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): Maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects.Estimated Average Requirement (EAR): Average daily level of intake estimated to meet the requirements of 50% of healthy individuals usually used to assess the nutrient intakes of groups of people and to plan nutritionally adequate diets for them can also be used to assess the nutrient intakes of individuals.Adequate Intake (AI): Intake at this level is assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy established when evidence is insufficient to develop an RDA.Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): Average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97–98%) healthy individuals often used to plan nutritionally adequate diets for individuals.These values, which vary by age and sex, include: DRI is the general term for a set of reference values used for planning and assessing nutrient intakes of healthy people. Intake recommendations for chromium and other nutrients are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by an expert committee of the FNB at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. However, no validated methods for determining chromium status and no clinically defined chromium deficiency state exist. Hair levels might reflect past chromium intakes, and some studies have measured chromium levels in hair, sweat, serum, and toenails. However, because these levels are closely related to recent chromium intakes, they are not good indicators of chromium body stores. Urinary chromium levels are therefore a good indicator of chromium absorption. Ĭhromium is excreted mainly in the urine. Chromium accumulates mainly in the liver, spleen, soft tissue, and bone. In the blood, most chromium is bound to plasma proteins, particularly transferrin, and only about 5% is unbound. However, in 2014, the European Food Safety Authority Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies concluded that no convincing evidence shows that chromium is an essential nutrient and, therefore, setting chromium intake recommendations would be inappropriate. The FNB has not evaluated chromium since 2001. However, recent research has suggested that although chromium might have benefits at pharmacologic amounts (e.g., in the hundreds of mcg), it is not an essential mineral because an absence or deficiency of chromium does not produce abnormalities that can be reversed with the addition of chromium (see the Chromium Deficiency section below). In 2001, the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine considered chromium to be an essential nutrient based on its effects on insulin action. Chromium might also have antioxidant effects. Although the precise mechanism for this activity has not been identified, scientists have proposed that chromium binds to an oligopeptide to form chromodulin, a low-molecular-weight, chromium-binding substance that binds to and activates the insulin receptor to promote insulin action. This fact sheet focuses entirely on trivalent chromium.Ĭhromium might play a role in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism by potentiating insulin action. Chromium also exists as hexavalent (+6) chromium, a toxic by-product of stainless steel and other manufacturing processes. IntroductionĬhromium, as trivalent (+3) chromium, is a trace element that is naturally present in many foods and available as a dietary supplement. For a general overview of Chromium, see our consumer fact sheet on Chromium. This is a fact sheet intended for health professionals. If you are a great fan of horror movies, then you are in the right place at the right time! 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